程序的问题找到了
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
    int a[10];
    char b[10][10], c[10];
    int i, j, k = 1, m, n, f, z, l;//后面循环部分k，这里赋值了，但是接下来k重新赋值了，不是1了

    for (i = 0;i < 10;i++)
    {  
        printf("shu ru hao he xing ming %d:",i+1);
        scanf("%d", &a[i]);
        printf("shu ru ming zhi:");
        scanf("%s", &b[i]);
    }
    for (i = 0;i < 10;i++)
        printf("%d %s\n", a[i], b[i]);
    for (i = 0;i < 9;i++)
    {  
        for(j = 0;j <= 9-i;j++)
            if (a[j] > a[j+1])
            {
                  k  = a[j];//这里k被重新赋值了，错在这里啊
                a[j]  = a[j+1];
                a[j+1] = k;
                strcpy(     c, b[j]);
                strcpy(  b[j], b[j+1]);
                strcpy(b[j+1], c);
            }
    }

    for (i = 0;i < 10;i++)
        printf("%d %s\n", a[i], b[i]);

    printf("shu ru yao zhao de xu hao:");
    scanf("%d", &m);
    printf("%d\n", m);

    if (m < a[0] || m > a[9])
        l = -1;

    f = 9;
    z = 0;   
                                        //这里填上k=1；就可以了
    while ((k == 1) && (z <= f))
    {   
        n = (f+z) / 2;
        if (m == a[n])
        {
            printf("zhe ge shi %d,ming zhi shi:%s", a[n], b[n]);
            k = 0;
        }
        else if(m > a[n])
            z = n + 1;
        else
            f = n - 1;
    }

    if (k == 1 || l == -1)
        printf("mei you zhao dao \n");

    return 0;
}
谢谢大家的参与，谢谢