#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define N 20
typedef struct student
{
    long ID;
    char name;
    int  height;
    int  weight;
    int  score[4];
} STUDENT;
void InputMassage(STUDENT stu[] );
void writeToFile(STUDENT stu[] );
int main()
{
    STUDENT stu[N];
    printf("Input 20 students' massage:\n");
    InputMassage(stu);
    writeToFile(stu);
    return 0;

}

void InputMassage( STUDENT stu[])
{
    int i, j;
    for( i=0; i<2; i++ )
    {
        scanf("%ld",&stu[i].ID);
        scanf("%s",&stu[i].name);
        scanf("%d",&stu[i].height);
        scanf("%d",&stu[i].weight);
        
        for( j=0; j<4; j++ )
        {
            scanf("%d",&stu[i].score[j]);
        }
    }
}

void writeToFile( STUDENT stu[] )
{   
    int i, j;
    FILE *fp;
    fp = fopen("d:\\学生信息.txt","w");

    if( fp==NULL )
    {
        printf("Failure to write to file!\n");
        exit(0);
    }


        for( i=0; i<2; i++ )
        {
            fprintf(fp,"%10ld%8s%5d%5d",stu[i].ID,stu[i].name,stu[i].height,stu[i].weight);
            for( j=0; j<4; j++ )
            {
                fprintf(fp,"%4d",stu[i].score[j]);
            }
        }
   
    fclose(fp);
}

试试改成这个char name[20];

等我改了试试 不过感觉应该就是这个问题啦。

确实 厉害！一下就看出来。