注释：分别利用对象，指针，引用的方式调用虚函数
在传值调用中，虚函数没有起到多态性的作用
在传址调用和按引用调用中，虚函数起到多态性的作用
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
      public:
      virtual void get(){cout<<"输出的是A"<<endl;}
};
class B:public A
{
      public:
      void get(){cout<<"输出的是B"<<endl;}
};
class C:public A
{
      public:
      void get(){cout<<"输出的是C"<<endl;}
};
void a(A);
void b(A*);
void c(A&);
int main()
{
    while(1)
    {
            cout<<"1.A  2.B  3.C  4.quit："<<endl;
            A*p=0;
            int choice;
            cin>>choice;
            bool quit=false;
            switch(choice)
            {
                          case 1:
                               p=new A;
                               a(*p);   //创建A类对象，并用p保存该对象的地址，*p代表的是创建的A类对象
                               break;
                          case 2:
                               p=new B;
                               b(p);    //创建B类对象，p是保存B类对象的地址，p作为参数供b（）使用
                               break;
                          case 3:
                               p=new C;
                               c(*p);   //*p代表C类对象，供C（）使用
                               break;
                          case 4:
                               quit=true;
                               break;
                          default:
                               p=NULL;cout<<"1.A  2.B  3.C  4.quit："<<endl;
                               break;
            }
            if(quit==true)
            break;
            
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
   
}
void a(A a)
{
     a.get();
     
}
void b(A*b)
{
     b->get();
}
void c(A&c)
{
     c.get();
}