英文C语言题目求解决！
GROUP AProgram 1： Doubles（TOJ 1930）——（a1.cpp）
As part of an arithmetic competency program, your students will be given randomly generated lists of from 2 to 15 unique positive integers and asked to determine how many items in each list are twice some other item in the same list. You will need a program to help you with the grading. This program should be able to scan the lists and output the correct answer for each one. For example, given the list
1 4 3 2 9 7 18 22
your program should answer 3, as 2 is twice 1, 4 is twice 2, and 18 is twice 9.
Input Format: (a1.in)
The input file will consist of one or more lists of numbers. There will be one list of numbers per line. Each list will contain from 2 to 15 unique positive integers. No integer will be larger than 99. Each line will be terminated with the integer 0, which is not considered part of the list. A line with the single number -1 will mark the end of the file. The example input below shows 3 separate lists. Some lists may not contain any doubles.
Output Format: (a1.out)
The output will consist of one line per input list, containing a count of the items that are double some other item.
Sample Input:
1 4 3 2 9 7 18 22 0
2 4 8 10 0
7 5 11 13 1 3 0
-1
Sample Output:
3
2
0
Program 2： Stamps（TOJ 1701）——（b2.cpp）
Everybody hates Raymond. He's the largest stamp collector on planet earth and because of that he always makes fun of all the others at the stamp collector parties. Fortunately everybody loves Lucy, and she has a plan. She secretly asks her friends whether they could lend her some stamps, so that she can embarrass Raymond by showing an even larger collection than his.
Raymond is so sure about his superiority that he always tells how many stamps he'll show. And since Lucy knows how many she owns, she knows how many more she needs. She also knows how many friends would lend her some stamps and how many each would lend. But she'd like to borrow from as few friends as possible and if she needs too many then she'd rather not do it at all. Can you tell her the minimum number of friends she needs to borrow from?
Input Format: (b2.in)
The first line contains the number of scenarios. Each scenario describes one collectors party and its first line tells you how many stamps (from 1 to 1000000) Lucy needs to borrow and how many friends (from 1 to 1000) offer her some stamps. In a second line you'll get the number of stamps (from 1 to 10000) each of her friends is offering.
Output Format: (b2.out)
The output for every scenario begins with a line containing "Scenario #i:", where i is the number of the scenario starting at 1. Then print a single line with the minimum number of friends Lucy needs to borrow stamps from. If it's impossible even if she borrows everything from everybody, write impossible. Terminate the output for the scenario with a blank line.
Sample Input:
3
100 6
13 17 42 9 23 57
99 6
13 17 42 9 23 57
1000 3
314 159 265
Sample Output:
Scenario #1:
3
Scenario #2:
2
Scenario #3:
impossible
Program 3： Robot（TOJ 1025）——（a3.cpp）
The Robot Moving Institute is using a robot in their local store to transport different items. Of course the robot should spend only the minimum time necessary when travelling from one place in the store to another. The robot can move only along a straight line (track). All tracks form a rectangular grid. Neighbouring tracks are one meter apart. The store is a rectangle N x M meters and it is entirely covered by this grid. The distance of the track closest to the side of the store is exactly one meter. The robot has a circular shape with diameter equal to 1.6 meter. The track goes through the center of the robot. The robot always faces north, south, west or east. The tracks are in the south-north and in the west-east directions. The robot can move only in the direction it faces. The direction in which it faces can be changed at each track crossing. Initially the robot stands at a track crossing. The obstacles in the store are formed from pieces occupying 1m x 1m on the ground. Each obstacle is within a 1 x 1 square formed by the tracks. The movement of the robot is controlled by two commands. These commands are GO and TURN.
The GO command has one integer parameter n in {1,2,3}. After receiving this command the robot moves n meters in the direction it faces.
The TURN command has one parameter which is either left or right. After receiving this command the robot changes its orientation by 90o in the direction indicated by the parameter.
The execution of each command lasts one second.
Help researchers of RMI to write a program which will determine the minimal time in which the robot can move from a given starting point to a given destination.
Input Format: (a3.in)
The input consists of blocks of lines. The first line of each block contains two integers M ≤ 50 and N ≤ 50 separated by one space. In each of the next M lines there are N numbers one or zero separated by one space. One represents obstacles and zero represents empty squares. (The tracks are between the squares.) The block is terminated by a line containing four positive integers B1 B2 E1 E2 each followed by one space and the word indicating the orientation of the robot at the starting point. B1, B2 are the coordinates of the square in the north-west corner of which the robot is placed (starting point). E1, E2 are the coordinates of square to the north-west corner of which the robot should move (destination point). The orientation of the robot when it has reached the destination point is not prescribed. We use (row, column)-type coordinates, i.e. the coordinates of the upper left (the most north-west) square in the store are 0,0 and the lower right (the most south-east) square are M - 1, N - 1. The orientation is given by the words north or west or south or east. The last block contains only one line with N = 0 and M = 0.
Output Format: (a3.out)
The output contains one line for each block except the last block in the input. The lines are in the order corresponding to the blocks in the input. The line contains minimal number of seconds in which the robot can reach the destination point from the starting point. If there does not exist any path from the starting point to the destination point the line will contain -1.
Sample Input:
9 10
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
7 2 2 7 south
0 0
Sample Output:
12
Program 4： Arctic Network（TOJ1411）——（a4.cpp）
The Department of National Defence (DND) wishes to connect several northern outposts by a wireless network. Two different communication technologies are to be used in establishing the network: every outpost will have a radio transceiver and some outposts will in addition have a satellite channel.
Any two outposts with a satellite channel can communicate via the satellite, regardless of their location. Otherwise, two outposts can communicate by radio only if the distance between them does not exceed D, which depends of the power of the transceivers. Higher power yields higher D but costs more. Due to purchasing and maintenance considerations, the transceivers at the outposts must be identical; that is, the value of D is the same for every pair of outposts.
Your job is to determine the minimum D required for the transceivers. There must be at least one communication path (direct or indirect) between every pair of outposts.
Input Format: (a4.in)
The first line of input contains N, the number of test cases. The first line of each test case contains 1 ≤ S ≤ 100, the number of satellite channels, and S < P ≤ 500, the number of outposts. P lines follow, giving the (x,y) coordinates of each outpost in km (coordinates are integers between 0 and 10,000).
Output Format: (a4.out)
For each case, output should consist of a single line giving the minimum D required to connect the network. Output should be specified to 2 decimal points.
Sample Input:
1
2 4
0 100
0 300
0 600
150 750
Sample Output:
212.13
Program 5： Guarding the Farm（TOJ3144）——（a5.cpp）
The farm has many hills upon which Farmer John would like to place guards to ensure the safety of his valuable milk-cows.
He wonders how many guards he will need if he wishes to put one on top of each hill. He has a map supplied as a matrix of integers; the matrix has N (1 < N ≤ 700) rows and M (1 < M < 700) columns. Each member of the matrix is an altitude H_ij (0 ≤ H_ij ≤ 10,000). Help him determine the number of hilltops on the map.
A hilltop is one or more adjacent matrix elements of the same value surrounded exclusively by either the edge of the map or elements with a lower (smaller) altitude. Two different elements are adjacent if the magnitude of difference in their X coordinates is no greater than 1 and the magnitude of differences in their Y coordinates is also no greater than 1.
Input Format: (a5.in)
* Line 1: Two space-separated integers: N and M* Lines 2..N+1: Line i+1 describes row i of the matrix with M space-separated integers: H_ij.
Output Format: (a5.out)
* Line 1: A single integer that specifies the number of hilltops
Sample Input:
8 7
4 3 2 2 1 0 1
3 3 3 2 1 0 1
2 2 2 2 1 0 0
2 1 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 1 1 0
0 1 2 2 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 2 1 0
Sample Output:
3
