#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int a, b, d, e = 0;
    for (a = 1;; a++)
    {
        do
        {
            b = a % 10;
            d = a / 10;
            e = e + b*b*b;
            a = d;
        } while (d> 0);
        if (a == e)
            printf(" %d\n", e);
   }
}
调试时不能输出结果，但在VS2013上没有警告或错误

因为a一直不等于e

a一直是0或1，d一直是0

你的程序死循环，而且每次执行除了e其他都是一样的
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int a, b, d, e = 0;
    for (a = 1;; a++)         //a=1
    {
        do
        {
            b = a % 10;       //b = 1
            d = a / 10;       //d = 0
            e = e + b*b*b;    //e = 1,2,3...
            a = d;            //a = 0
        } while (d> 0);       //false
        if (a == e)           //false
            printf(" %d\n", e);
   }
}