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标题:哈夫曼编码问题
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me100422
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哈夫曼编码问题
基本要求
 一个完整的系统应具有以下功能:
 (a) I:初始化(Initialization)。从终端读入字符集大小 n ,以及 n 个字符和 n 个权值,建立哈夫曼树,并将它存于文件 hfmTree 中。
 (b) E:编码(Encoding)。利用已建好的哈夫曼树(如不在内存,则从文件hfmTree中读入),对文件 T oBeTran 中的正文进行编码,然后将结果存入文件 CodeFile 中。
 (c)D:译码(Decoding)。利用已建好的哈夫曼树将文件CodeFile 中的代码进行译码,结果存入文件 TextFile 中。
 (d)P:打印代码文件(Print)。将文件 CodeFile 以紧凑格式显示在终端上,每行50个代码。
 (e)T:印哈夫曼树(Tree printing)。将已在内存中的哈夫曼树以直观的方式显示在终端上,同时将此字符形式的哈夫曼树写入文件 TreePrint中。


 我的程序的错误:在运行中如果实现了 译码 功能 ,再去实现打印代码功能就不能实现 如果实现了 打印代码功能 ,再去实现译码功能 就不能实现了;小弟实在不知道哪里错啦 求解啊!


#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<fstream>
#include <iomanip.h>
using namespace std;
typedef struct{
    char ch;
    int weight;
    int parent,lchild,rchild;
}htnode,*hfmtree;
typedef char **hfmcode;

hfmtree HT;//全局变量


  
int select(hfmtree &HT,int n  )
{
    int flag;
    double j=100000;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        if(HT[i].weight<=j&&HT[i].parent==0)
        {
                           
            j=HT[i].weight;
            flag=i;
        }
    }
    HT[flag].parent=1;
    return flag;
}

void htcoding(hfmtree &HT,int n)
{
    if(n<1)
        return;
   
    int m=2*n-1;
    HT=new htnode [m+1];

    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
    {
        cout<<"qingshuru"<<endl;
        cin>>HT[i].ch;
        cin>>HT[i].weight;
        HT[i].lchild=0;
        HT[i].rchild=0;
        HT[i].parent=0;
   
    }
    for(i=n+1;i<m+1;i++)
    {
        HT[i].ch='0';
        HT[i].weight=0;
        HT[i].lchild=0;
        HT[i].rchild=0;
        HT[i].parent=0;
        
   
    }
    for(i=n+1;i<m+1;i++)
    {
        int s1=select(HT,i-1);
        int s2=select(HT,i-1);
        HT[s1].parent=i;
        HT[s2].parent=i;
        HT[i].lchild=s1;
        HT[i].rchild=s2;
        HT[i].weight=HT[s1].weight+HT[s2].weight;
    }
   
}

void Tcode(hfmcode &hc,int n,hfmtree &HT)
{
    hc=new char*[n+1];
    char *cd= new char[n];
    cd[n-1]='\0';
    int c,f;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
    {
        int start=n-1;
        for( c=i, f=HT[i].parent;f!=0;c=f,f=HT[f].parent)
            if(HT[f].lchild==c)
                cd[--start]='0';
            else
                cd[--start]='1';
            hc[i]=new char [n-start];
            strcpy(hc[i],&cd[start]);
        cout<<hc[i]<<endl;
   
    }
    delete cd;
}

void Convert_tree(unsigned char T[100][100],int s,int *i,int j)
{
    int k,l;
    l=++(*i);  
    for(k=0;k<s;k++)
    T[l][k]=' ';  
    T[l][k]=HT[j].weight;  
    if(HT[j].lchild) //有左孩子
        Convert_tree(T,s+1,i,HT[j].lchild);
    if(HT[j].rchild)
        Convert_tree(T,s+1,i,HT[j].rchild);
        T[l][++k]='\0';

}


int main()
{
    char code[100],h[100],hl[100],kk[100];
    int n,i,j,k,l;
    ifstream input_file;
    ofstream output_file;
    char choice,str[100];
   
    hfmcode HC;
    cout<<"\n";

    while(choice!='Q'&&choice!='q')
    {

        cout<<"  "<<"*************************赫夫曼编码/译码打印系统*************************\n";
        cout<<"   "<<"I--------------------------------------------------Init\n";
        cout<<"   "<<"C--------------------------------------------------Coding\n";
        cout<<"   "<<"D--------------------------------------------------Decoding\n";
        cout<<"   "<<"O--------------------------------------------------OutputCode\n";
        cout<<"   "<<"P--------------------------------------------------PrintHfmTree\n";
        cout<<"   "<<"Q--------------------------------------------------Exit\n";
        cout<<"请输入您要操作的步骤:";
        cin>>choice;
        if(choice=='I'||choice=='i')
        {
            cout<<"请输入字符个数:";
            cin>>n;
        //    hfmcoding(HT,HC,n);
            
            htcoding(HT, n);
            Tcode(HC,n,HT);
            cout<<"hao"<<endl;
            for(i=1;i<=n;++i)
            {
            
                cout<<HT[i].ch<<":"<<HC[i]<<endl;
            
            }
            output_file.open("hfmTree.txt");
            if(!output_file){
                cout<<"can't oen file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }
            for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
            {
                output_file<<"("<<HT[i].ch<<HC[i]<<")";
            }
            output_file.close();
            cout<<"赫夫曼树已经创建完毕,并且已经放入hfmTree.txt文件中!"<<endl;

        }

        else if(choice=='C'||choice=='c')
        {
            printf("请输入字符:");
            gets(str);
            output_file.open("ToBeTran.txt");
            if(!output_file)
            {
                cout<<"can't oen file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }
            output_file<<str<<endl;
            output_file.close();
            output_file.open("CodeFile.txt");

            if(!output_file){
                cout<<"can't oen file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }

            for(i=0;i<strlen(str);i++){
                    for(j=0;j<=n;++j)
                    {
                        if(HT[j].ch==str[i])
                        {
                            output_file<<HC[j];
                            break;
                        
                        }
                        
                    }

            }

            output_file.close();
            cout<<"\n";
            cout<<"编码完毕,并且已经存入CodeFile.txt文件!\n";

        }

        else if(choice=='O'||choice=='o')
        {
            input_file.open("CodeFile.txt");
            if(!input_file)
            {
                cout<<"can't open file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }
            input_file>>code;
            cout<<"编码码值为:\n";
            cout.setf(ios::left);
            cout<<setw(50)<<code<<endl;
            
            input_file.close();
        
        }
        else if(choice=='D'||choice=='d')
        {
            
            input_file.open("CodeFile.txt");
            if(!input_file){
                cout<<"can't open file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }   
            input_file>>h;
            input_file.close();
            output_file.open("Textfile.txt");
            if(!output_file)
            {
                cout<<"can't oen file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }
            k=0;
            while(h[k]!='\0')
            {
                for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
                {
                    l=k;
                    for(j=0;j<strlen(HC[i]);j++,l++){
                            hl[j]=h[l];
                    }
                    hl[j]='\0';
                    if(strcmp(HC[i],hl)==0)
                    {
                        output_file<<HT[i].ch;
                        k=k+strlen(HC[i]);
                        break;

                    }
                }
            
            
            }
   
            output_file.close();
            input_file.open("Textfile.txt");
            if(!input_file){
                cout<<"can't oen file!"<<endl;
                return 1;
            }
            input_file>>h;
            cout<<h<<endl;
            input_file.close();
            cout<<"译码结束,字符已经存入Textfile.txt文件中!"<<endl;


        }
        else if(choice=='P'||choice=='p'){
            unsigned char T[100][100];
            int i,j,m=0;
            FILE *fp;
            Convert_tree(T,0,&m,2*n-1);
            if((fp=fopen("treeprint.txt","wb+"))==NULL)
                printf("Open file treeprint.txt error!\n");
            printf("\n以凹入表形式打印已建好的赫夫曼树:\n");
            for(i=1;i<=2*n-1;i++)
            {
                for (j=0;T[i][j]!=0;j++)
                {
                    if(T[i][j]==' ') {printf(" ");fputc(T[i][j],fp);}
                    else
                        {printf("%d",T[i][j]);fprintf(fp,"%d\n",T[i][j]);}
                }
                printf("\n");
            }
            fclose(fp);
            printf("\n此字符形式的哈夫曼树已写入文件treeprint.txt中.\n\n");

        
        }
        else if(choice=='Q'||choice=='q')
        {
            exit(0);
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"您没有输入正确的步骤,请重新输入!"<<endl;

        }
        cout<<endl;
        }
        return 0;
   
   
    }
























































































 

 

 

 

 



 
2014-01-02 17:16
地雷接线爆炸
Rank: 2
等 级:论坛游民
帖 子:11
专家分:20
注 册:2013-12-5
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是不是第一个功能实现之后,没对文件进行关闭保存,进行第二个功能时导致不能实现··
2014-01-04 09:11
快速回复:哈夫曼编码问题
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