C++iso标准有这样一段、
9.4 Static members
4 If a static data member is of const integral or const enumeration type, its declaration in the class
definition can specify a constant-initializer which shall be an integral constant expression (5.19). In that
case, the member can appear in integral constant expressions. The member shall still be defined in a namespace
scope if it is used in the program and the namespace scope definition shall not contain an initializer.
这里也是说了在类中声明一个static const member,最后一句是说了必须在a nampspace scope中定义,不知道这个namespace scope是不是就是说任何一个名字空间。